Current References On ADHD

Current References On ADHD

Sam Goldstein, Ph.D.
This is a SamGoldstein.com Monthly Article - February, 2004
Copyright © 2004 Dr. Sam Goldstein - All Rights Reserved

Abikoff, H. (1991). Cognitive training in ADHD children: Less to it than meets the eye. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 24, 205-209.

Abikoff, H., Courtney, M.E., Szeibel, P.J. & Koplewitz, H.S. (1996). The effects of auditory stimulation on the ability matched arithmetic performance of children with ADHD and non-disabled children. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 29, 238-248.

Abikoff, H. and Klein, R.G. (1992). Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and conduct disorder: Comorbidity and implications for treatment. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 60, 881-892.

Abramowitz, A.J., Beckstrand, D. and O'Leary, S.G. (1992). ADHD children's responses to stimulant medication in two intensities of a behavioral intervention. Behavior Modification, 16, 193-203.

Ahmann, P.A., et. al. (1993). Placebo controlled evaluation of Ritalin side effects. Pediatrics, 91, 1101-1105.

Ambrosini, P.J., Bianchi, M.D., et. al. (1993). Antidepressant treatments in children and adolescents: I. Affective disorders. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 32, 1-6.

Ambrosini, P.J., Bianchi, M.D., et. al. (1993). Antidepressant treatments in children and adolescents. II. Anxiety, physical and behavioral disorders. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 32, 43-493.

American Psychiatric Association (1994). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.

Anderson, J., Williams, S., McGee, R. and Silva, P. (1989). Cognitive and social correlates of DSM III disorders in preadolescent children. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 28, 842-846.

Applegate, B., Lahey, B.B., Hart, E.L., et. al. (1997). Validity of the age-of-onset criterion for ADHD: A report from the DSM-IV field trials. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 36, 1211-1221.

Arcia, E. & Gualtieri, C. (1994). Neurobehavioral performance of adults with closed head injury, adults with attention deficit and controls. Brain Injury, 8, 395-404.

Aronen, E.T., Noam, G.G. and Weinstein, S.R. (1993). Structured diagnostic interviews and clinicians' discharge diagnoses in hospitalized adolescents. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 32, 674-681.

August, G.J. and Garfinkel, B.D. (1993). The nosology of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 32, 155-165.

Aylward, E.H., Reiss, A.L., Reader, M.J., et. al. (1996). Basal ganglia volumes in children with ADHD. Journal of Child Neurology, 11, 112-115.

Baerr, A. and Nietzel, M.T. (1991). Cognitive and behavioral treatment of impulsivity in children: A meta-analytic review of the outcome literature. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 20, 400-431.

Baker, L. and Cantwell, D.P. (1992). Attention deficit disorder and speech/language disorders. Comprehensive Mental Health Care, 2, 3-16.

Baldwin, K., Brown, R.T. & Milan, M.A. (1995). Predictors of stress and caregivers of attention deficit hyperactivity disordered children. American Journal of Family Therapy, 23, 149-160.

Barkley, R. (1988). Placebo "side effects" and Ritalin. Clinical Child Psychology Newsletter, 3.

Barkley, R. (1991). The ecological validity of laboratory and analogue assessment methods of ADHD symptoms. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 19, 149-178.

Barkley, R., Anastopoulous, A.D., Guevremont, D.C. and Fletcher, K.E. (1992). Adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Mother-adolescent interactions, family beliefs and conflicts in maternal psychopathology. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 30, 263-288.

Barkley, R.A., DuPaul, G.J. and McMurray, M.B. (in press). A comprehensive evaluation of Attention Deficit Disorder with and without hyperactivity defined by research criteria. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology.

Barkley, R. & Grodzinsky, G. (1994). Are tests of frontal lobe functions useful in a diagnosis of ADHD? Clinical Neuropsychologist, 8, 121-139.

Barkley, R., Grodzinsky, G. and DuPaul, G.J. (1992). Frontal lobe functions and attention deficit disorder with and without hyperactivity: A review and research report. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 20, 163-188.

Barkley, R.A., Guevremont, D.C., Anastopoulos, A.D., DuPaul, G.J. & Shelton, T.L. (1993). Driving-Related Risks and Outcomes of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Adolescents and Young Adults: A 3- to 5-Year Follow-Up Survey. Pediatrics, 92, 212-218.

Barkley, R.A., Guevremont, D.C., Anastopoulos, A.D. & Fletcher, K.E. (1992). A comparison of three family therapy programs for treating family conflicts in adolescence with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 60, 450-462.

Barkley, R.A., Fischer, M., Edelbrock, C.S. and Smallish, L. (1990). The adolescent outcome of hyperactive children diagnosed by research criteria: I. An 8-year prospective follow-up study. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 29, 546-557.

Barkley, R.A. (1990). A critique of current diagnostic criteria for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Clinical and research implications. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 11, 343-352.

Barrickman, L.D., et. al. (1991). Treatment of ADHD with Fluoxetine (Prozac): A Preliminary Trial. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 30, 762-767.

Barrickman, L.L., Perry, P.J., Allen, A.J., Kuperman, S., Arndt, S.V., Herrmann, K.J. & Schumacher, E. (1995). Bupriopion versus methylphenidate in the treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 34, 649-657.

Bauermeister, J. (1992). Factor analyses of teacher ratings of attention deficit hyperactivity and oppositional defiant symptoms in children aged four through thirteen years. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 21, 27-34.

Bauermeister, J.J., Alegria, M., et. al. (1992). Are attentional-hyperactivity deficits unidimensional or multidimensional syndromes? Emperical Findings from A Community Survey. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 31, 423-431.

Baumgaertel, A.B., Wolraich, M.L. & Dietrich, M. (1995). Comparison of diagnostic criteria for attention deficit disorders in German elementary school sample. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 34, 629-638.

Biederman, J., Baldessarini, R.J., et. al. (1993). A double-blind placebo control study of Desipramine in the treatment of ADD. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 32, 199-204.

Biederman, J., Faraone, S.V., et. al. (1993). Convergence of the Child Behavior Checklist with structured interview - based psychiatric diagnoses of ADHD children with and without comorbidity. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 34, 1241-1251.

Biederman, J., Faraone, S., Mick, E. & Lelon, E. (1995). Psychiatric comorbidity among referred juveniles with major depression: Fact or artifact? Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 34, 579-590.

Biederman, J., Faraone, S., Mick, E. Wozniak, J., et. al. (1996). Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and juvenile mania: An overlooked comorbidity? Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 35, 997-1008.

Biederman, J., Faraone, S.V., Milberger, S., Jetton, J.E., Chen, L., Mick, E., Greene, R.W. & Russell, R.L. (1996). Is childhood oppositional defiant disorder a precursor to adolescent conduct disorder? Findings from a four-year follow-up study of children with ADHD. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 35, 1193-1204.

Biederman, J., Wilens, T., Mick, E., Faraone, S.V., Weber, W., Curtis, S., Thornell, A., Pfister, K., Jetton, J.G. & Soriano, J. (1997). Is ADHD a risk factor for psychoactive substance use disorders? Findings from a four-year prospective follow-up study. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 36, 21-29.

Bloomquist, M.L., August, G. & Ostrender, R. (1991). Effects of a school-based cognitive-behavioral intervention for ADHD children. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 19, 591-605.

Borcherding, B.G., Keysor, C.S., Rappoport, J.L., Elia, J. and Amass, J. (1990). Motor/vocal tics and compulsive behaviors on stimulant drugs: Is there a common vulnerability? Psychiatry Research, 33, 83-94.

Botting, N., Powls, A., et al. (1997). ADHD and other psychiatric outcomes in very low birthweight children at twelve years. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 38, 931-941.

Buhrmester, D., Camparo, L., Christensen, A. and Gonsalez, L.S. (1992). Mothers and fathers interacting in dyads and triads with normal and hyperactive sons. Developmental Psychology, 28, 500-509.

Brent, D.A., Perper, J.A., et. al. (1993). Psychiatric risk factors for adolescent suicide. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 32, 521-529.

Brody, G.H., Stoneman, Z. & McCoy, J.K. (1994). Forecasting sibling relationships in early adolescence. From child temperaments and family processes in middle childhood. Child Development, 65, 771-784.

Cadoret, R.J. and Stewart, M.A. (1991). An adoption study of ADHD and aggression and their relationship to adult anti-social personality. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 32, 73-82.

Callaghan, M.J., Byrnes, R.Y., Gray B.H., Harvey, J.M., Mohay, H., Rogers, Y.M. & Tudehope, D.I. (1996). School performance in ELBW children: A controlled study. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 38, 917-926.

Campbell, S.B., Pierce, E.W., March, C.L., Ewing, L.J. & Szumowski, E.K. (1994). Hard-to-manage preschool boys: Symptomatic behavior across context and time. Child Development, 65, 836-851.

Cantwell, D.P. & Baker, L. (1992). Attention deficit disorder with and without hyperactivity: A review and comparison of matched groups. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 31, 432-438.

Carlson, G.A. & Weintraub, S. (1993). Childhood behavior problems and bi-polar disorder - relationship or coincidence? Journal of Affective Disorders, 28, 143-153.

Carroll, K.N. & Rounsaville, B.J. (1993). History and significance of childhood attention deficit disorder in treatment-seeking cocaine abusers. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 34, 75-82.

Castellanos, F.X., Giedd, J.M., Marsh, W.L., et. al. (1996). Quantitative brain magnetic resonance imaging in ADHD. Archives of General Psychiatry, 53, 607-616.

Christensen, S.L., Rounds, T. and Gorney, D. (1992). Family factors and student achievement: An avenue to increase student's success. School Psychology Quarterly, 7, 178-206.

Cocores, J.A., Davies, R.K., Mueller, M.D. & Gold, M.S. (1987). Cocaine abusers and adult attention deficit disorder. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 48, 376-377.

Conners, C.K., Levin, E.D., Sparrow, E., Hinton, S.C., et. al. (1996). Nicotine and attention in adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Psychoph armacology Bulletin, 32, 67-73.

Corkum, P.V. & Siegel, L.S. (1993). Is the Continuous Performance task a valuable research tool for use with children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder? Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 34, 1217-1239.

Corkum, P., Tannock, R. & Moldofski, H. (1998). Sleep disturbances in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 37, 637-646.

Costello, E.J., Loeber, R. and Stouthamer-Loeber, M. (1991). Pervasive and situational hyperactivity-confounding effect of informant: A research note. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, 32, 367-376.

Cramond, B. (1994). ADHD and creativity: What is the connection? Journal of Creative Behavior, 28, 193-210.

Davidson, L.L., Taylor, E.A., Sandberg, S.T. and Thorley, G. (1992). Hyperactivity in school age boys and subsequent risk of injury. Pediatrics, 9, 697-702.

Douglas, V.I., Barr, R.G., Desilets, J. & Sherman, E. (1995). Do high doses of stimulants impair flexible thinking in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder? Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 34, 877-885.

Douglas, V.I. and Benezra, E. (1990). Verbal memory and attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity: Normal and reading disabled boys. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 18, 617-638.

Douglas, V. and Parry, P. (1994). Effects of reward and non-reward on frustration and attention in attention deficit disorder. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 22, 281-302.

DuPaul, G.J., Guevremont, D.C. & Barkley, R.A. (1992). Behavioral treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in the classroom: The use of the attention training system. Journal of Behavioral Modification, 16, 204-225.

DuPaul, G.J. and Rapport, M.D. (1993). Does methylphenidate normalize the classroom performance of children with attention deficit disorder? The American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 32, 190-198.

Eiraldi, R.B., Power, T.J. & Nezu, C.M. (1997). Patterns of comorbidity associated with subtypes of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder among six-to-twelve year-old children. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 36, 503-514.

Eisenberger, R. and Cameron, J. (1996). Detrimental effects of reward: reality or myth? Journal of the American Psychological Association, 51, 1153-1166.

Erhardt, D. & and Hinshaw, S.P. (1994). Initial socio-metric impressions of ADHD and comparison boys: Predictions from social behaviors and from non-behavioral variables. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 62, 833-842.

Ernst, M. et. al. (1994). Reduced brain metabolism in hyperactive girls. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 33, 858-868.

Famulairo, R.A., Kinscherff, R. & Fenton, T. (1992). Psychiatric diagnoses of mal-treated children: Preliminary findings. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 31, 863-867.

Faraone, S.V., Biederman, J. and Milberger, S. (1995). How reliable are maternal reports of their children's psychopathology. One-year recall of psychiatric diagnoses of ADHD children. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 34, 1001-1008.

Farmer, J.E. & Peterson, L. (1995). Injury risk factors in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Health Psychology, 14, 325-332.

Fergusson, D.M., et. al. (1993). The effects of conduct disorder on attention deficit in middle childhood on offending and scholastic ability at age thirteen. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 34, 899-915.

Filipek, P.A., Semrud-Clikeman, M., Steingard, R.J., et. al. (1997). Volumetric MRI analysis comparing subjects having ADHD with normal controls. Journal of Neurology, 48, 589-601.

Fischer, M., Barkley, R.A., Edelbrock, C.S. and Smallish, L. (1990). The adolescent outcome of hyperactive children diagnosed by research criteria: II. Academic, attentional and neuropsychological status. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 58, 580-588.

Fischer, M. and Newby, R.F. (1991). Assessment of stimulant response in ADHD children using a refined, multi-method, clinical protocol. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 20, 232-244.

Fischer, N., Newby, R. & Gordon, M. (1995). Who are the false negatives on continuous performance tests? Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 24, 427-433.

Fitzpatrick, P.A., Klorman, R., et. al. (1992). Effects of sustained release and standard preparations of methylphenidate on attention deficit disorder. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 31, 226-234.

Frankenberger, W., Lozar, B. and Dallas, P. (1990). The use of stimulant medication to treat attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in elementary school children. Developmental Disabilities Bulletin, 18, 1-13.

Frick, P.J., Lahey, B.B., Applegate, B., Kerdyck, L., Ollendick, T., Hynd, G.W., Garfinkel, B., Greenhill, L., Biederman, J., Barkley, R.A., McBurnett, K., Newcord, J. & Waldman, Ph.D. DSM-IV field trials for the disruptive behavior disorders: Symptom utility estimates. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 33, 529-539.

Gabel, S., Schmitz, S. & Fulker, D.W. (1996). Comorbidity in hyperactive children: Issues related to selection bias, gender, severity and internalizing symptoms. Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 27, 15-28.

Gaub, M. & Carlson, C.L. (1997). Gender differences in ADHD: A meta-analysis of analysis and critical review. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 36, 1036-1045.

Geffner, D., Lucker, J.R. & Koch, W. (1996). Evaluation of auditory discrimination in children with ADD and without ADD. Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 26, 169-180.

Gibbs, D. and Cooper, E.B. (1989). Prevalence of communication disorders in students with learning disabilities. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 22, 60-63.

Giedd, J.N., et. al. (1994). Quantitative morphology of the corpus callosum in attention deficit disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry, 151, 655-669.

Glod, C.A. & Teicher, M.H. (1996). Relationship between early abuse, post-traumatic stress disorder, and activity levels in pre-pubertal children. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 34, 1384-1393.

Gomez, R. & Sanson, A.V. (1994). Effects of experimenter and mother prescence on the attentional performance and activity of hyperactive boys. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 22, 517-528.

Goodman, R. and Stevenson, J. (1989). A twin study of hyperactivity: II. The etiological role of genes, family relationships and perinatal adversity. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 30, 691-709.

Goodyear, H.P. and Hynde, G.W. (1992). Attention deficit disorder with and without hyperactivity: Behavioral and neuropsychological differntation. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 21, 273-305.

Green, R.W., Biederman, J., Faraone, S.V., Ouellette, C.A., Penn, C. & Griffin, S.M. (1996). Toward a new psychometric definition of social disability in children with ADHD. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 35, 571-578.

Grskovic, J.A., Zentall, S.S. & Stormont-Spurgin, M. (1995). Time estimation and planning abilities: Students with and without mild disabilities. Behavioral Disorders, 20, 197-203.

Hakola, S.R. (1992). Legal rights of students with attention deficit disorder. School Psychology Quarterly, 7, 285-297.

Halperin, J.M., Matier, K., et. al. (1992). Specificity of inattention, impulsivity and hyperactivity to the diagnosis of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 31, 190-196.

Halperin, J.M., et. al. (1993). Discriminant validity of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 32, 1038-1043.

Halperin, J.M., Newcorn, J.H., Matier, K., Bedi, G., et. al. (1995). Impulsivity and the initiation of fights in children with disruptive behavior disorders. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry in Allied Disciplines, 36, 1199-1211.

Handen, B.L., Breaux, A.M., et. al. (1992). Effects and non-effects of methylphenidate in children with mental retardation and ADHD. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 31, 455-461.

Hart, E.L., Lahey, B.B., Loeber, R., Applegate, B., et. al. (1995). Developmental change in ADHD in boys: A four year longitudinal study. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 23, 729-749.

Hauser, P., Soler, R., Brucker-Davis, F. & Weintraub, B.D. (1997). Thyroid hormones correlate with symptoms of hyperactivity but not in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 22, 107-114.

Hill, J.C. & Schoener, E.P. (1996). Age-dependent decline of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry, 153, 1143-1146.

Hinshaw, S.P. (1991). Stimulant medication in the treatment of aggression in children with attentional deficits. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 20, 301-312.

Hinshaw, S. (1992). Academic underachievement attention deficits and aggression: Comorbidity and implications for intervention. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 60, 893-903.

Holdnack, J.A., Moberg, P.J., Arnold, S.E. & Gur, R.C. (1995). Speed of processing and verbal learning deficits in adults diagnosed with attention deficit disorder. Neuropsychiatry, Neuropsychology and Behavioral Neurology, 8, 282-292.

Horner, B.R. & Scheibe, K.E. (1997). Prevalence and implications of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder among adolescents in treatment for substance abuse. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 36, 30-36.

Hubbard, J.A. and Newcomb, A.F. (1991). Initial dyadic peer interaction of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and normal boys. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 19, 179-195.

Humphries, T., et. al. (1994). Teacher-identified oral language difficulties among boys with attention problems. Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 15, 92-98.

Iaboni, F., Douglas, V. & Ditto, B. (1997). Psychophysiological response of ADHD children to reward and extinction. Psychophysiology, 34, 116-123.

Ilongo, N.S., Horn, W.F., et. al. (1993). The effects of multi-modal intervention with attention-deficit hyperactivity disordered children: A 9-month follow-up. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 32, 182-189.

Johnston, E.B., Erdal, K. & Stadler, M.A. (1995). The relationship between the Wechsler Memory Scale - Revised, Attention Index and objective measures of attention. Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings, 2, 195-204.

Kasten, E.F., Coury, D.L. and Heron, T.E. (1992). Educator's knowledge and attitudes regarding stimulants in the treatment of ADHD. Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 13, 215-219.

Keith, R.W. & Engineer, E. (1991). Effects of methylphenidate on the auditory processing abilities of children with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 24, 630-636.

Kent, J.D., Blader, J.C., Koplewicz, H., et. al. (1995). Effects of late-afternoon methylphenidate administration on behavior and sleep in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Pediatrics, 96, 320-325.

Korkman, M. and Peltoma, A.K. (1991). A pattern of test findings predicting attention problems at school. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 19, 451-468.

Krueger, R.F., Caspi, A., Moffitt, T.E. & White, J. (1996). Delay of gratification, psychopathology and personality: Is low self-control specific to externalizing problems? Journal of Personality, 64, 107-129.

Lahat, E., Avital, E., Barr, J., et. al. (1995). BAEp: Studies in children with attention deficit disorder. Developmental Medicine in Child Neurology, 37, 119-123.

Last, C.G. & Perrin, S. (1996). Relationship between ADHD and anxiety in boys: Results from a family study. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 35, 988-996.

Lavigne, J.V., et. al. (1993). Behavioral and emotional problems among preschool children in pediatric primary care: Prevalence and pediatricians' recognition. Pediatrics, 91, 649-655.

Lee, S.W. (1991). Biofeedback as a treatment for childhood hyperactivity: A critical review of the literature. Psychological Report, 68, 163-192.

Leung, P.W. & Connolly, K.J. (1997). Test of two views of impulsivity in hyperactive and conduct-disordered children. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 39, 574-582.

Levy, F., Hay, D.A., McStephen, M., Wood, C. & Waldman, I. (1997). ADHD: A category or a continuum? Genetic analysis of a large scale twin study. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 36, 737-744.

Lipman, E.L., et. al. (1993). A follow-up of psychiatric and educational comorbidity among adopted children. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 32, 1007-10012.

Livingston, R., et. al. (1993). Predictors of self-reported psychopathology in children abused repeatedly by a parent. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 32, 948-953.

Lucker, J.R., Geffner, D. & Koch, W. (1996). Perception of loudness in children with ADD and without ADD. Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 26, 181-190.

MacArdle, P., et. al. (1995). Hyperactivity: Prevalence and relationship with conduct disorder. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 36, 279-303.

MacDonald, V.M. & Achenbach, T.M. (1996). Attention problems versus conduct problems as six-year predictors of problem scores in a national sample. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 35, 1237-1246.

MacLeod, D. & Prior, M. (1996). Attention deficits in adolescents with ADHD and other clinical groups. Child Neuropsychology, 2, 1-10.

Mannuzza, S., et. al. (1993). Adult outcome of hyperactive boys: Educational achievement, occupational rank and psychiatric status. Archives of General Psychiatry, 50, 565-576.

Mannuzza, S., Klein, R.G., Bessler, A., Malloy, P. & Hynes, M.E. (1997). Educational and occupational outcome of hyperactive boys grown up. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 36, 1222-1227.

Mantzicopoulous, P.Y. (1997). Do certain groups of children profit from early retention? Psychology in the Schools, 34, 115-127.

Mariani, M.A. & Barkley, R.A. (1997). Neuropsychological and academic functioning in preschool boys with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Developmental Neuropsychology, 13, 111-129.

Martin, C.S., et. al. (1994). Aggressivity in attention, hyperactivity and impulsivity in boys at high and low risk for substance abuse. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 22, 177-203.

The Massachusetts Medical Society (1995). Trends in smoking initiation among adolescents and young adults: United States, 1980-1989. MMWR: Morbidity, Mortality, Weekly Report, 44, 521-524.

Mayes, S.D., et. al. (1994). Methylphenidate in ADHD: Influence of age, I.Q. and neurodevelopmental status. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 36, 1099-1107.

McLeer, S.B., Callaghan, H.D. & Wallen, J. (1994). Psychiatric disorders in sexually abused children. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 33, 313-319.

McGee, R., Stanton, W.R. and Sears, M.R. (1993). Allergic disorders and attention deficit disorder in children. Journal of ABnormal Child Psychology, 21, 79-88.

McGee, R., Williams, S. and Feehan, M. (1992). Attention deficit disorder and age of onset of problem behaviors. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 20, 487-501.

Melnick, S.M. & Hinshaw, S.P. (1996). What they want and what they get: The social goals of boys with ADHD and comparison boys. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 24, 169-185.

Milberger, S., Biederman, J., Faraone, S.V., Murphy, J., et. al. (1995). Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and comorbid disorder: Issues of overlapping symptoms. American Journal of Psychiatry, 152, 1793-1799.

Milberger, S., Biederman, J., Faraone, S.V., Chen, L. & Jones, J. (1997). ADHD as associated with early initiation of cigarette smoking in children and adolescents. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 36, 37-44.

Milich, R. & Okazaki, M. (1991). An examination of learned helplessness among attention-deficit hyperactivity disordered boys. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 19, 607-623.

Milich, R., Carlson, C., Pelham, W. & Licht, B. (1991). Effects of methylphenidate on the persistence of ADHD boys following failure experiences. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 19, 519-536.

Miller, L.G. and Kraft, I.A. (1992). Sleep disturbances and epileptiform in a subpopulation of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): A literature review generating a hypothesis with implications for drug therapy. Behavioral Neurology, 5, 149-154.

Mischel, W., Shoda, Y. and Rodriguez, M.L. (1989). Delay of gratification in children. Science, 244, 933-938.

Morgan, A.E., Hynd, G.W., Riccio, C.A. & Hall, J. (1996). Validity of DSM-IV ADHD predominantly inattentive and combined types: Relationship to previous DSM diagnoses/subtype differences. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 35, 325-333.

Mori, L. & Peterson, L. (1995). Knowledge of safety in high and low active-impulsive boys: Implications for child injury protection. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 24, 370-376.

Nada-Raja, S., Langley, J.D., McGee, R., Williams, S.M., Begg, D.J. & Reeder, A.I. (1997). Inattentive and hyperactive behaviors and driving offenses in adolescence. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 36, 515-522.

Olson, S. and Brodfeld, P. (1991). Assessment of peer rejection and externalizing behavior problems in preschool boys. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 19, 493-503.

Oosterlan, J. & Sergeant, J.A. (1996). Inhibition in ADHD, aggressive and anxious children: A biologically based model. Child Psychopathology, 24, 19-36.

Ouellette, E.M. (1991). Legal issues in the treatment of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Child Neurology, Special Issue, S66-S73.

Paternite, C.E., Loney, J. & Roberts, M.A. (1995). External validation of oppositional disorder and attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 23, 453-471.

Pearson, D. & Aman, M. (1994). Ratings of hyperactivity and developmental indices: Should clinicians correct for developmental level? Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 24, 395-411.

Pearson, D.A., Lane, D. and Swanson, J. (1991). Auditory attention switching in hyperactive children. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 19, 479-492.

Pearson, D.A., Yaffee, L.S., Loveland, K. & Norton, A.M. (1995). Covert visual attention in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Evidence for developmental immaturity? Development and Psychopathology, 7, 351-367.

Pelham, W.E., et. al. (1990). Relative efficacy of long acting stimulants on children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: A comparison. Pediatrics, 86, 226-237.

Pelham, W.E., et. al. (1991). The effects of methylphenidate on ADHD adolescents in recreational, peer group, and classroom settings. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 20, 293-300.

Pennington, B.F., Groisser, D. and Welsch, M.C. (1993). Contrasting cognitive deficits and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder versus reading disability. Developmental Psychology, 29, 511-523.

Platzman, K.A., Stoy, M.R., Brown, R.T., Coles, C.D., Smith, I.E. and Falek, A. (1992). Review of observational methods in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): Implications for diagnosis. School Psychology Quarterly, 7, 155-177.

Pliszka, S.R. (1992). Co-morbidity of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and overanxious disorder. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 31, 197-203.

Pliszka, S.R., McCracken, J.T. & Maas, J.W. (1996). Catecholamines in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: Current perspectives. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 35, 264-272.

Pomerleau, O., Downey, K., Stelson, F. & Pomerleau, C. (1995). Cigarette smoking in adult patients diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Substance Abuse, 7, 373-378.

Power, T.J. (1992). Contextual factors in vigilance testing of children with ADHD. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 20, 570-593.

Pulkkinen, L. (1995). Behavioral precursors to accidents that result in physical impairment. Child Development, 66, 1660-1679.

Quay, H.C. (1997). Inhibition and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 25, 7-13.

Rapport, M.D. & Denney, C. (1997). Titrating methylphenidate in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: Is body mass predictive of clinical response. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 36, 523-530.

Rapport, M.D. and Kelly, K.L. (1991). Stimulant effects on learning and cognitive function: Findings and implications for children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Clinical Psychology Review, 11, 61-92.

Rebok, G., Hawkins, W.E., Krener, P., et. al. (1996). Effect of concentration problems on the malleability of children's aggressive and shy behaviors. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 35, 193-203.

Reich, W., et. al. (1993). Psychopathology in children alcoholics. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 32, 995-1002.

Rhode, P., Lewinsohn, P.M. and Seeley, J.R. (1995). Psychiatric comorbidity with problematic alcohol use in high school students. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 35, 101-109.

Riccio, C.A., et. al. (1994). Comorbidity of central auditory processing disorder and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 33, 849-857.

Rief, S.F. (1993). How to Reach and Teach ADD/ADHD Children. Available through the ADD Warehouse, 1-800-233-9273.

Robin, A.L. & van der May, S.J. (1996). Validation of a measure for adolescent self-report of attention deficit disorder symptoms. Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 17, 211-215.

Robson, A.L. & Pederson, D.R. (1997). Predictors of individual differences in attention among low birth weight children. Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 18, 13-21.

Rothman, R.B. (1996). Treatment of a four year old boy with ADHD with a dopamine releaser, Phentermine. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 57, 308-309.

Sallee, F.R., Stiller, R.L. and Perel, J.M. (1992). Ph armacodynamics of pemoline in attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 31, 244-251.

Schachar, R. & Tannock, R. (1995). Test of four hypotheses for the comorbidity of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and conduct disorder. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 34, 639-648.

Schachar, R. and Wachsmuth, R. (1990). Hyperactivity and parental psychopathology. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 31, 381-392.

Seidman, L.J., Biederman, J., Faraone, S.V., Weber, W., Mennin, D. & Jones, J. (1997). A pilot study of neuropsychological functioning in girls with ADHD. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 36, 366-373.

Semrud-Clickeman, M., Beiderman, J., et. al. (1992). Co-morbidity between ADDH and learning disability: A review and report in a clinically referred sample. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 31, 439-448.

Semrud-Clikeman, M., et. al. (1994). Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: Magnetci resonance imaging. Morphometric analysis of the corpus callosum. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 33, 875-881.

Shaw, G.A. (1992). Hyperactivity and creativity: The tacit dimension. Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society, 30, 157-160.

Shekim, W.O., Asarnow, R.F., Hess, E., Zaucher, K. & Wheeler, N. (1990). A clinical and demographic profile of a sample of adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: residual type. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 31, 416-425.

Sheridan, S.M., Dee, C.C., Morgan, J.C. & McCormick, M.E. (1996). A multi-method intervention for social skills deficits in children with ADHD and their parents. School Psychology Review, 25, 57-76.

Sherman, D.K., Iacono, W.G. & McGue, M.K. (1997). ADHD dimensions: A twin study of inattention and impulsivity - hyperactivity. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 36, 745-753.

Silva, R.R., Munoz, D.M. & Alpert, M. (1996). Carbamazepine use in children and adolescents with features of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: A meta-analysis. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 35, 352-358.

Singh, S., Lescolis, C., et al. (1998). Recognition of facial expressions of emotion by children with ADHD. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 22, 128-142.

Slomkowski, C., Klein, R.G. & Mannuzza, S. (1995). Is self-esteem an important outcome in hyperactive children? Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 23, 303-315.

Spencer, T., Biederman, J., et. al. (1993). Nortiptyline treatment of children with ADHD and tic disorder or Tourette's Syndrome. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 32, 205-210.

Sprich-Buchminster, S., et. al. (1993). Are perinatal complications relevant to the manifestations of ADD? Issues of comorbidity and familiarity. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 32, 1032-1037.

Steinberg, L., Lamborn, S.D., Darling, N., Mounts, N.S. & Dornbush, S.M. (1994). Over-time changes in adjustment and competence among adolescents from authoritative, authoritarian, indulgent, and neglectful families. Child Development, 65, 754-770.

Stormont-Spurgin, M., et. al. (1995). Contributing factors in the manifestation of aggression in preschoolers with hyperactivity. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, 36. 491-509.

Sumner, G., et. al. (1993). A psychiatric population of prenatally cocaine-exposed children. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 32, 1003-1006.

Swanson, J.M., Cantwell, D., Lerner, M., McBurnett, K. and Hanna, G. (1991). Effects of stimulant medication on learning and children with ADHD. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 24, 219-230.

Szatmari, P., Offord, D.R. and Boyle, M.H. (1989). Ontario child health study: Prevalence of attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 30, 219-230.

Tannock, R., et. al. (1993). Does methylphenidate induce overfocusing in hyperactive children? Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 22, 28-41.

Taylor, E., Chadwick, O., Heptinstall, E. & Danckarets, M. (1996). Hyperactivity and conduct problems as risk factors for adolescent development. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 35, 1213-1226.

Teicher, M.H., Ito, Y., Glod, C.A. & Barber, N.I. (1996). Objective measurement of hyperactivity and attentional problems in ADHD. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 35, 334-342.

Thompson, L.L., Riggs, P.D., Mikulich, S.K. & Crowley, T.J. (1996). Contribution of ADHD symptoms to substance problems and delinquency in conduct-disordered adolescents. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 24, 325-347.

van der Meere, J., van Baal, M. and Sergeant, J. (1989). The additive factor method: A differential diagnostic tool in hyperactivity and learning disability. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 17, 409-422.

Vitiello, B. & Stoff, D.M. (1997). Subtypes of aggression and their relevance to child psychiatry. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 36, 307-315,

Waldman, I.D. (1996). Aggressive boys' hostile, perceptual and response biases: The role of attention and impulsivity. Child Development, 67, 1015-133.

Ward, M.F., Wender, P.H. & Reimherr, F.W. (1993). The Wender Utah Rating Scale: An Aid in the Retrospective Diagnosis of Childhood Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry, 150, 885-890.

Warren, R.P., et. al. (1995). Is decreased blood plasma concentration of the compliment C4B protein associated with ADHD? Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 34, 1009-1014.

Wender, P.H. and Reimherr, F.W. (1990). Bupriopion treatment of Attention-deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Adults. American Journal of Psychiatry, 147, 1018-1020.

Werner, E. and Smith, R. (1992). Overcoming the odds: High risk children from birth to adulthood. Ithica, NY: Cornell University Press.

Whalen, C.K. and Hencker, B. (1991). Social impact of stimulant treatment for hyperactive hhildren. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 24, 231-241.

Wigal, T., Swanson, J., et al. (1998). Effective reinforcement on facial responsivity in persistence in children with ADHD. Behavior Modification, 22, 143-166.

Wilkison, P.C., Kircher, J.C., McMahon, W.M. & Sloane, H.N. (1995). Effects of methylphenidate on reward strength in boys with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 34, 897-901.

Williams, L., Lerner, M. & Swanson, J.M. (1994). Prevalence of office visits for ADD: Gender differences over the past five years (1990-1994). Unpublished manuscript.

Wolf, S.M. and Forsythe, A. (1978). Behavior disturbance, phenobarbital, and febrile seizures. Pediatrics, 61, 728-731.

Wolraich, M.L., Hannah, J.N., Baumgaartel, A. & Feurer, I.D. (1998). Examination of DSM-IV critera for ADHD in a country-wide sample. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 19, 162-168.

Wolraich, M.L., Hannah, J.N., Pinnock, T.Y., Baugaertel, A. & Brown, J. (1996). Comparison of diagnostic criteria for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in a county-wide sample. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 35, 319-324.

Yoshikawa, H. (1994). Prevention as cumulative protection: Effects of early family support and education on chronic delinquency and its risks. Psychological Bulletin, 115, 28-54.

Zoccolillo, M. (1992). Co-occurrence of conduct disorder and its adult outcomes with depressive and anxiety disorders: A review. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 31, 547-556.